1. **Ambient Noise**: Often used to establish a setting or environment. This could include the rustle of wind through trees, the mur of a busy city, the sound of ocean waves crashing on the beach, the hum of a spaceship.

2. **Foley Effects**: These are sounds artificially created to match actions on screen, named after sound-effects artist Jack Foley. Examples include footsteps, the clash of swords, rustling fabric, or doors opening and closing.

3. **Synthetic Sounds**: Created electronically, these effects can range from simple beeps and booms to complex sci-fi soundscapes, like a drone of a spaceship or futuristic weapons.

4. **Diegetic Sounds**: These are sounds that characters in the media can hear, like a ringing phone, a playing radio, or conversational voices.

5. **Non-diegetic Sounds**: These are sounds only the audience can hear, mostly used to enhance the mood or convey emotion. This can include a film's scores, voice-overs, or dramatic stings.

6. **Musical Effects**: These include instrument stings, which are short bursts of sound, often used to emphasize or punctuate action. For instance, a suspenseful violin shriek in a thriller when a character makes a shocking discovery.

7. **Transitional Effects**: These are used during scene transitions and include sounds such as risers, swooshes, and whooshes.

8. **Boom Effects**: These are impactful sounds used to emphasize a significant event such as an explosion, thunder, or a crash.

9. **Sound Design Elements**: These include more atmospheric, abstract effects used to create a distinct sensory mood. This could be a haunting echo, a distorted reality, or an otherworldly hum.

10. **Voice Effects**: These pertain to any sound effect applied to dialogue or vocalizations. They can include vocal distortions, echo effects, pitch changes, or monster voices, among others.

11. **Spot Effects**: Also called hard effects, these are distinct, punctuating sounds tied to specific actions, like a gunshot, a car squealing its tires, or a punch landing.

12. **Animal Sounds**: Real or designed sounds of animals like a lion's roar, a bird's chirp, or a dog's bark are often used in media production.

Choosing the right sound effect, and applying it at the right time, is an essential part of creating a compelling audiovisual experience. Adjusting audio level, panning, reverberation, and equalization also plays key roles for ideal sound integration with the media.